Colon cancer is a type of cancer that affects the large intestine (colon) and rectum. It is one of the most common types of cancer and is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States.
There are several ways to screen for colon cancer, including colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, and fecal occult blood tests. These tests can help detect colon cancer in its early stages, when it is most treatable.
Colonoscopy is considered the gold standard for colon cancer screening. During a colonoscopy, a long, flexible tube with a camera attached is inserted into the rectum and advanced through the colon. The doctor can then examine the inside of the colon and remove any polyps (abnormal growths) that they find. Colonoscopies are usually done every 10 years for people over the age of 45.
Sigmoidoscopy is similar to colonoscopy, but it only examines the lower part of the colon. It is less invasive than colonoscopy and can be done every five years.
Fecal occult blood tests (FOBTs) involve collecting a small sample of stool and testing it for blood. If blood is found, it may be a sign of colon cancer or another condition, such as an ulcer or inflammatory bowel disease. Standard FOBTs should be done every year.
It's important to note that colon cancer screening is not just for people with a family history of colon cancer. In fact, about 70% of colon cancer cases occur in people with no family history of the disease. That's why it's important for everyone over the age of 50 to get screened, even if they don't have any symptoms.
If you are over the age of 45 and have not yet been screened for colon cancer, talk to your doctor about which screening test is right for you. Early detection is key to successfully treating colon cancer, so regular proactive screening is essential. Take control of your health and get screened today.
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